Laser Projector Glossary: ILDA, DMX, ArtNet, KPPS & Safety

This glossary is written for real-world show work: DJs, venue owners, event planners, production teams, and anyone trying to choose the right laser light projector without getting lost in jargon. It explains the terms we use on this site, plus common show-laser vocabulary across the entertainment industry. If you spot an error or want to add a term, email us at service@starshinelights.com.

Quick note: in the U.S., people often say “laser show” to mean both the effect and the device. In this article, “show laser” / “laser projector” usually means the equipment (the unit you hang, power up, and control).

When people ask “what’s the best laser projector?” the honest answer is: the best one is the unit that matches your venue, your content type (beams vs graphics), your control workflow (auto/DMX/ILDA), and your safety plan. Here’s a quick way to narrow it down:

• Beam show: You want visible beams in haze/fog—tunnels, fans, aerial effects. DMX and built-in auto programs can be enough for many clubs and DJ sets.
• Graphics / projection: You want logos, text, animations, mapping. This usually means ILDA or network control (DAC + software), plus faster scanners (higher KPPS).

A “festival laser” isn’t a separate species—it’s a show laser chosen for long throws and big spaces. Outdoors, you’ll care more about:

• Beam quality + divergence (tight beams stay impressive far away)
• Weather protection (look for proper IP ratings for outdoor rigs)
• Real control options (network control helps large productions)

If you’re building an outdoor install, you’ll usually be looking at higher-power outdoor units (example: Starshine outdoor options like the O30 30W Outdoor Laser Projector).

For club nights and mobile sets, many buyers want something that’s easy to deploy but still looks “pro.” That usually means:

• Auto / sound-active for quick operation (great when you don’t want a laptop)
• DMX512 if you’re integrating with a lighting console
• ILDA if you plan to do crisp logos/text and real custom graphics

If you’re shopping for an entry-to-mid option, you’ll see keywords like laser lights, laser light projector, and laser projectors everywhere—what matters is how you’ll control it and what you want it to draw.

If you only remember one thing: control protocols define what kind of content you can run. The same laser projector can feel “basic” or “unlimited” depending on whether you’re using auto mode, DMX, or ILDA/software.

• Auto/Sound = easiest, pre-programmed looks.
• DMX512 / Art-Net = lighting-console control (great for cues and integration).
• ILDA + DAC + software = custom graphics/animations and deeper show control.

Two projectors can share the same “watt” number but look totally different. The difference is often scanners (KPPS), beam specs (divergence), and modulation (how smoothly the colors dim).

People use different names for the same category depending on region and audience. “Party laser,” “club laser,” “DJ laser,” and even “light projector for room” can point to the same idea: a compact unit that throws patterns and beams for entertainment. At the high end, you’ll hear “projection mapping laser,” “multimedia show,” or “landmark/sky laser.”

Search terms like christmas laser lights and laser christmas lights are popular because they’re simple to install and instantly visible at night. Just remember: outdoor use still needs weather planning, safe mounting, and responsible aiming.

Lasers can harm eyes and skin if misused. A professional-looking show is never worth a safety incident. If you’re doing anything beyond basic “overhead beams,” you should understand MPE, safety zones, emergency stop, and local rules. Audience scanning is especially sensitive in the U.S.—it may be restricted, controversial, or require strict calculations and procedures depending on jurisdiction and setup.

Below are the terms from the glossary you shared—rewritten in clear, American English, but keeping the original meaning and detail as much as possible.

An API is a source-code-level interface that lets two programs or systems communicate in real time using predefined rules for data exchange.

“Festival laser” isn’t a separate class of show laser—it’s a show laser chosen for festival needs: long throw, large coverage, and strong visual impact across a big audience area. In many festivals, a live operator (often called a laser jockey) runs cues in sync with music. With haze/fog, a festival laser can create wide single-color or full RGB beam looks that extend beyond the stage and into the crowd.

For outdoor festivals, weather protection matters. That’s why outdoor-rated units (with proper IP protection and robust housings) are commonly recommended for these setups.

“Laser light” is simply the English term for 激光灯 in an entertainment context.

Auto/standalone modes are any modes where a fixture runs pre-programmed content without manual control. Common variants include:

• Auto sequence: plays ILDA files from an SD card in order, looping after the last file.
• Demo mode: plays SD-card ILDA files with additional built-in animation effects.
• Single-file mode: plays one selected ILDA file repeatedly.

Color balance describes the intensity relationship between color sources (usually RGB). By adjusting each color’s power (especially with analog modulation), a projector can produce many colors. The practical goal is a consistent, pleasing “white” so multiple units match on stage.

Balance can be set on hardware (if supported) or inside laser show software by reducing specific channels until white looks right.

In show lasers, animation is created by displaying frames quickly in sequence. The perceived quality depends on scanner speed, beam specs (like divergence), and modulation. Beyond DMX-triggered presets, custom animations typically require software and either an ILDA connection or an intelligent onboard controller (e.g., FB4-class control boards).

A gobo is a glass (or metal) mask used in conventional lighting to project a logo/image. Lasers don’t need gobos for shapes—scanners draw graphics directly, can animate them, and can output multiple colors.

Laser projection uses a projector’s beam plus a scanning system (galvos) to draw graphics and animations onto a surface (wall, ceiling, haze, water screen, etc.). For complex graphics, you generally want a faster scan system and software control.

Art-Net is an Ethernet-based network protocol for transporting DMX512 and RDM data over IP networks. Compared with sending DMX over XLR, Art-Net can carry multiple DMX “universes” on one network line and fits naturally into modern networked show control.

TOR is the laser power emitted directly from the projector. It’s used to categorize laser class. It’s different from MPE, which relates to allowed exposure levels at a given distance/area.

A laser operator designs, programs, and runs laser shows. That usually means at least one laser projector, show software, and a control device (PC or console). Operators also handle safety compliance and local rules. Formal training paths vary by region; most pros develop through hands-on practice over years.

AVB (also called TSN in industrial contexts) is a real-time networking standard for synchronized transport of time-critical signals. It uses reserved bandwidth to keep streams stable even on busy networks. In some creative workflows, AVB can carry show data reliably over longer distances and can even allow recording/editing/playback concepts by treating show data similarly to multi-channel audio streams.

Laser shows are often described as beam shows (aerial beams in the room) or graphics shows (images/animations on a surface like a screen, wall, water screen, haze screen, or architecture). Graphics shows typically require faster scanners and often ILDA/software for custom content.

A laser performer is an artist who performs on stage with lasers—sometimes with a “laser suit” featuring bright LEDs and small laser effects. It’s not required for most shows, but it can add a strong visual moment when used responsibly.

“Animated laser” typically means a show laser capable of projecting animations, graphics, and text. Clean animation needs fast scanners, stable geometry, good beam characteristics, and (usually) analog modulation for smooth color. For serious animation work, ILDA software control is generally recommended over DMX-only control.

Master/slave describes synchronized control where one fixture acts as the “master” and others mirror it as “slaves,” commonly via DMX-style linking. For this to work well, the fixtures need matching content and identical DMX layouts.

Analog modulation means the laser sources can dim smoothly (continuous output control). In RGB projectors, this enables true gradients and up to 16.7 million color combinations (256 levels per channel).

TTL modulation is the on/off counterpart. TTL can look punchy for beams, but it can’t do smooth fades like analog.

“Galvo” refers to a galvanometer scanner system used to steer the beam with small mirrors at high speed. In practice, your scanner quality and KPPS rating strongly affect how smooth graphics and text look.

A sound-active mode where the unit reacts to music via an onboard microphone. Many fixtures include a sensitivity knob to tune how aggressively it triggers.

A gauze/mesh screen is a perforated fabric used as a projection medium. It works for front or rear projection and can create strong depth/3D illusions because it reflects some light while letting some pass through.

The mainboard is the control circuit board that runs the system (processor, storage interfaces like SD, control logic, etc.). In show lasers, onboard control boards often manage playback, networking, and protocol handling.

An AOM is a crystal/glass-based component that can modulate or deflect a beam using sound waves (a Bragg cell). It was more common in older gas laser systems; modern RGB diode-based projectors typically modulate each color source directly.

A water screen is a curved wall of water used as a projection surface for lasers, video, and lighting. It can deploy quickly and scale large, making it popular for outdoor multimedia shows—though it requires strong pumps and power.

MPE is the maximum allowed exposure level for humans under defined conditions (referenced in standards like IEC 60825). In show contexts, it’s a key safety threshold—especially relevant to audience exposure planning.

Audience scanning means intentionally directing visible laser beams into audience areas for effects like tunnels and “in-the-crowd” immersion. Practices vary by region, and it can be controversial in the U.S. because it requires careful engineering and safety control:

• Respect MPE limits
• Use appropriate show-safe methods and beam movement speeds
• Account for distance, divergence, scan patterns, hotspots, and safety zones

ILDA streaming describes sending ILDA data over a LAN using transmitter/receiver pairs. It converts analog ILDA into a network-friendly format for long runs, then converts it back near the projector. This can overcome physical cable-length limits on large productions.

A multimedia show combines multiple effects: audio, video, lasers, water screens, flames, fireworks, and more. Large outdoor multimedia shows often need high-quality, water-resistant laser systems due to humidity and environmental load.

Professional software may allow “brightness mapping” (beam attenuation maps) where you define zones and reduce intensity in those zones. This supports safer operation—especially when beams approach audience areas.

ILDA stands for the International Laser Display Association, and it also refers to the widely used show-laser signal standard for transferring frame/graphic data to laser projectors.

ILDA control typically requires software (e.g., professional laser show software) and a DAC to convert computer signals into ILDA-compatible output. ILDA is the go-to approach for custom graphics, text, and animation.

A nightclub/club laser is designed for entertainment in clubs, bars, and discos. These units often prioritize strong beams, quick pattern looks, and easy integration with sound-active or DMX control.

OPSL (Optically Pumped Semiconductor Laser) is a laser source technology used in some high-end systems. It can deliver high power with excellent beam parameters in a compact form, but tends to be more expensive than diode-based sources.

A beam show projects beams directly into space (usually visible with haze/fog). It’s about aerial geometry—fans, tunnels, grids—without needing a solid projection surface.

Stage lasers are used on stages (truss-mounted or floor-mounted) to enhance performances. They can be used for beam looks and, with the right setup, for graphics projection. The “best” stage setup depends on stage size, throw distance, show time (day vs night), and whether you need outdoor protection.

Outdoor laser shows are designed for open-air entertainment. They often focus on beams that remain visible over distance. Outdoor shows also introduce challenges: wind and airflow make haze distribution harder, and weather demands proper housing/IP protection.

Example outdoor product link: Starshinelights O30 Outdoor Laser Light Projector 30W.

Blanking is the projector’s ability to switch the beam off quickly between drawn elements. Without proper blanking, text looks “scribbled” because lines connect between letters.

CW means continuous-wave output—emitting a steady beam rather than pulsed output.

PPS is points per second; KPPS is kilo-points per second. It describes scanner speed. Higher KPPS generally means smoother graphics and animation.

You’ll often see “kpps@8° ILDA” because 8° is a common comparison angle. As scan angle increases, effective scan speed decreases (not perfectly linearly).

A DAC converts computer-generated show data into ILDA-compatible output for a laser projector. USB and Ethernet controllers can serve this role. If you want to control multiple projectors independently, you typically need one DAC per projector.

Laser show software lets you design and run content in real time or along a timeline: text, logos, 2D/3D frames, animations, cues, and more. It’s a major upgrade in creative control compared with auto-only or basic DMX presets.

Daisy chaining is linking devices in series so control signals pass from one unit to the next (common in DMX networks). Each device still needs its own address to be controlled individually.

DMX512 (Digital Multiplex) is a serial lighting-control protocol. One DMX line can carry 512 channels. Fixtures are addressed by assigning a start address. DMX sends control values; the fixture’s control board decides what action happens for each value.

LSO stands for Laser Safety Officer—someone responsible for laser safety planning and compliance in a given environment.

A “rainbow laser” is a show laser capable of producing a wide spectrum look. In practice, this needs multi-color sources (often RGB with analog modulation, and sometimes extra colors like cyan/orange) plus suitable outdoor power and beam quality for long-distance visibility.

An RGB laser combines red, green, and blue sources to create full-color output, including white. With analog modulation, an RGB laser can produce smooth gradients and up to 16.7 million colors. TTL-based RGB can output a limited set of discrete colors (commonly up to seven).

A DJ laser is typically compact, lightweight, and quick to set up—ideal for mobile use in bars, weddings, and private events. Many run in auto or sound-active mode; some support DMX. If you need crisp logos/text, look for ILDA/software capability instead of “patterns only.”

A laser beam is coherent light emitted from a laser source. Color depends on wavelength; show lasers operate in the visible band (roughly 400–700 nm). Beam coherence and optical design strongly affect visual sharpness.

For graphics, you need a projection surface: screen, wall, frosted glass, haze screen, water screen, etc. Rear-projection screens are semi-transparent and create a visible “glow” when projected from behind.

A safety cable is a secondary physical restraint that prevents equipment from falling if the primary mount fails. In event rigging, it’s a standard requirement for overhead fixtures.

Divergence describes how quickly a beam spreads over distance (often measured in mrad). Lower divergence generally means a tighter beam at long range—one of the signatures of a higher-quality show laser. Optics can reduce divergence, but that may increase the beam diameter at the aperture and can impact scanning limits.

Laser illumination means using laser beams as environmental lighting—often outdoors in parks, gardens, or architectural spaces, and sometimes indoors in museums or exhibits. Outdoor use requires weather-ready housings and responsible aiming.

An Ethernet laser controller is a DAC-type device that converts computer signals to ILDA-related output over network infrastructure. Ethernet control is popular because it supports longer runs than typical USB setups and integrates well into show networks.

A “laser show” can mean the performance (the visual effect) and, especially in the U.S., sometimes the device itself. There are two common formats:

• Programmed show: pre-timed to music/video and run as a sequence.
• Live show: operated in real time by a laser operator, often in concerts and clubs.

An emergency stop (E-stop) is a manual shutoff used to disable laser emission quickly in unsafe situations—often via an interlock system. It’s commonly a red “mushroom” switch and is a critical part of professional safety design.

An entertainment/show laser is designed for visual effects in events—not industrial or medical use. These systems operate in the visible band and are used from small clubs to large outdoor festivals. Power needs scale with venue size; scanners and control options scale with how complex your visuals are.

In event production, “safety” can mean:

• Rigging safety: safety cables preventing falls.
• Laser safety: beam shutoff systems (scan-fail safety, beam block safety) and safe operating zones.

An effect/FX laser is a projector designed to produce many built-in patterns and effects—stars, tunnels, grids, waves, layered looks, and more—often in auto or sound-active mode. Great for quick atmosphere, but typically limited for detailed custom graphics unless ILDA/software is included.

“Laser display” is often used in the U.S. as a synonym for show/entertainment lasers. It can refer to the system and the visual effect, depending on context.

Color correction calibrates RGB channels so laser color matches other stage sources (fixtures, LED walls) and so multiple projectors match each other. This typically requires analog modulation and can be configured via software, management tools, or network/DMX-style control (depending on the system).

A landmark/sky laser is designed to be visible from far away—used to mark a location, attract attention, or create a sky beam. High power and low divergence matter, and green sources often appear brightest to the human eye.